The new provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, which came into force in July 2020, are focused on social achievements that are very important for the Russian society to preserve its foundations in such a complex reality of today’s spiritual and political life in the world. The updated Russian Constitution becomes a kind of "moral manifesto" of Russian society, reflecting its traditional values and social and moral expectations supported by the state at the highest level of constitutional regulation. Among these expectations the task of preserving the linguistic diversity of the peoples of Russia is of great importance. The article analyzes the new provisions of articles 68 and 69 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, examines the dynamics of legislative regulation in the field of language use after the adoption of the amendment to the Constitution of Russia, the need to develop constitutional and legal regulation in this area; the financial possibilities to support the implementation of measures to protect the languages spoken in Russia today. The article considers the historical continuity in the sphere of protection of the languages of the peoples of Russia.