The study of the fascist regime in Italy seems important in light of the ongoing interest and debate regarding the problems of the genesis of World War II, which have not only a purely scientific, but also a social dimension. In the 1990s and 2010s, a number of works were published in Russia, which analyze the characteristics of the origins and practice of the fascist regime, the specifics of public consensus, the problems of relations between the fascist state and the Catholic Church, the Catholic and Socialist movements, the problems of Soviet-Italian relations and mutual perceptions of Soviet and Italian peoples.