Revolutions in Germany (1918—1919) and Austria (1918—1920): the Experience of Comparative Analysis

Kukushkina, Irina

doi:10.18254/S0002388-5-1

English

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Revolutions in Germany (1918—1919) and Austria (1918—1920): the Experience of Comparative Analysis

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Revolutions in Germany (1918—1919) and Austria (1918—1920): the Experience of Comparative Analysis

Annotation

PII

S207987840002388-5-1

DOI

10.18254/S0002388-5-1

Publication type

Article

Status

Published

Authors

Irina Kukushkina Send message

Affiliation: Institute of World History RAS
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow

Edition

Volume 9 Issue 7 (71)

Abstract

The article provides a comparative analysis of the revolutions of the early twentieth century in Germany and Austria. Both revolutions, according to the author, were inevitable. The main similarity of revolutions were the change of form of the government and the establishment of a democratic republic. Political parties in both Germany and Austria were able to cooperate and — at that time — to protect their countries from right and left radicalism. Both countries became federations. However if the German Federation dates back to 1871, the Austrian one has developed in the course of different Lands incorporating in the Austrian Republic in 1918. The Lands together with the political parties became co-founders of a new state. Since in Germany left political forces occupied strong positions, a problem of choice emerged: “National Assembly or system of Soviets”. In Austria the Soviets were also established, but they did not played a prominent role in the revolution. The Treaties of Versailles and Saint-Germain contributed to the formation of both republics. However if the Treaty of Versailles humiliated the national feelings of the Germans and eventually led to Hitler's coming to power and as result to a new war, St. Germain Treaty made it possible the formation of the Austrian national state.

Keywords

November revolution in Germany 1918—1919, Weimar Constitution, Treaty of Versailles, Austrian revolution of 1918—1920, Treaty of Saint Germain, Austrian Constitution of 1920

Received

18.07.2018

Publication date

31.08.2018

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52855

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GOST	Kukushkina I. Revolutions in Germany (1918—1919) and Austria (1918—1920): the Experience of Comparative Analysis // ISTORIYA. – 2018. – V. 9. – Issue 7 (71). URL: https://history.jes.su/s207987840002388-5-1/. DOI: 10.18254/S0002388-5-1
MLA	Kukushkina, Irina "Revolutions in Germany (1918—1919) and Austria (1918—1920): the Experience of Comparative Analysis." ISTORIYA. 9.7 (71) (2018). DOI: 10.18254/S0002388-5-1
APA	Kukushkina I. (2018). Revolutions in Germany (1918—1919) and Austria (1918—1920): the Experience of Comparative Analysis. ISTORIYA. vol. 9, no. 7 (71) DOI: 10.18254/S0002388-5-1

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References

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