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Russia and the USA in the Struggle for the Hawaiian Islands in the First Half of the 19th Century
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Russia and the USA in the Struggle for the Hawaiian Islands in the First Half of the 19th Century
Annotation
PII
S207987840032116-6-1
DOI
10.18254/S207987840032116-6
Publication type
Article
Status
Published
Authors
Alexander Petrov 
Affiliation: Institute of World History RAS
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Edition
Volume 15 Issue 7 (141)
Abstract

The article is devoted to the history of the colonization of the Hawaiian archipelago in the context of the struggle between Russia and the United States for the Pacific territories in the first half of the 19th century. This topic is increasingly raising attention. The 200th anniversary of the conclusion of the convention between Russia and the United States has been taken place this year. The mentioned convention determined the boundaries in the North Pacific and became the basis for future territorial division. Prominent Russian and foreign scientists dealt with the issues of colonization of the Hawaiian Islands. Meanwhile, a number of subjects discussed in this article remained either outside the field of research or require rethinking. At the beginning of the 21st century, the final volume of a five-volume series of collections of documents dedicated to Russian expeditions in the Pacific North was published, it presented documents touching on various aspects of the colonization of the Hawaiian Islands. This article uses archive materials and introduces new sources into scientific circulation. The reasons for Russia's interest in the Hawaiian (Sandwich) Islands and actions on the islands of Russia and the United States are considered. The position of the Russian Foreign Ministry and specifically K. V. Nesselrode has been shown. It is noted that Russia's interest in Hawaii was based on financial and economic reasons and policy of the Naval Ministry of the Russian Empire. Russia, unlike other countries, sought to stabilize the situation in the region. The circumstances why Russia abandoned its colonies on the archipelago, and why the United States intensified the activities there, were studied. It is concluded that Russia’s activities on the archipelago in the first half of the 19th century we can divide into several stages: the first stage was the collection of information at the beginning of the 19th century and the last one that could be mentioned was the attempt to colonize the territory undertaken by G. Schaeffer and then by P. Dobell. The plans of colonization gave way to intention to develop trade and diplomatic relations. After Russia abandoned colonization, US citizens rushed into the archipelago, their activity led to the integration of this territory into the United States. Like Alaska, the Hawaiian Islands are considered the last frontier of the United States.

Keywords
colonization of the Hawaiian Islands, Russian-American relations, G. Schaeffer, Pacific region
Источник финансирования
The article was prepared within the framework of a grant provided by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Agreement No. 075-15-2024-537).
Received
10.05.2024
Publication date
30.08.2024
Number of characters
37503
Number of purchasers
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81
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