Legal Competence and Social Functions of Executors (based on Royal Officers’ Wills in France, the End of the 14th – the Beginning of the 15th Centuries)

Tsaturova, Susanna

doi:10.18254/S0001913-3-1

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Legal Competence and Social Functions of Executors (based on Royal Officers’ Wills in France, the End of the 14th – the Beginning of the 15th Centuries)

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Legal Competence and Social Functions of Executors (based on Royal Officers’ Wills in France, the End of the 14th – the Beginning of the 15th Centuries)

Annotation

PII

S207987840001913-3-1

DOI

10.18254/S0001913-3-1

Publication type

Article

Status

Published

Authors

Susanna Tsaturova Send message

Affiliation: Institute of World History RAS
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow

Edition

Volume 8 Issue 6 (60)

Abstract

The paper is concerned with an executor as the legal institution that appeared in the Middle Ages. An executor is descibed in the context of the royal officers’ social history with their specific culture, and corporate rules of behaviour. The paper gives a detailed analysis of legal norms (customs and royal legislastion), and the executive practice (wills of royal officers, and the participation of the Parlement of Paris in their execution). Research is based on the only surviving register of the wills in the archives of the Parlement of Paris (the original AN X1a 9807 and its complementary copy BNF Moreau 1161–1162). Out of 236 wills, 121 wills of royal officers are selected and identified, for those only officers who were on duty or were such during their lifetime. The article starts with a brief analysis of the origins and the main stages of the development of wills and executors: the wills in the Roman law, the succession in the customs, the contribution of Church in the approaching to those two opposite law systems, the appearance of spiritual testaments, and executors, the rise of competence of the royal power in the will executions. Based on the customs and the royal edicts analysis, the main important elements are shown – what property a testator has rights to testate, what restrictions he has, what legal status, scope of competence, and functions executors have. The social and cultural sense of corporate relations of royal officers was researched based on their testaments, and the Parliament’s executive practice: the presence of colleagues as executors; the nominations of executors as an expression of confidence; the executors’ right to interpret testaments’ clauses including organizing funerals and burial service; choosing tombstones and texts for epitaphs; distributing alms and books; donating money to University of Paris, colleges, and poor students.

Keywords

medieval law, customs, wills in the Middle Ages, executors, royal officers, the Parlement of Paris, corporate rules, social and cultural strategies of identification

Received

15.05.2017

Publication date

16.07.2017

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56177

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GOST	Tsaturova S. Legal Competence and Social Functions of Executors (based on Royal Officers’ Wills in France, the End of the 14th – the Beginning of the 15th Centuries) // ISTORIYA. – 2017. – V. 8. – Issue 6 (60). URL: https://history.jes.su/s207987840001913-3-1/. DOI: 10.18254/S0001913-3-1
MLA	Tsaturova, Susanna "Legal Competence and Social Functions of Executors (based on Royal Officers’ Wills in France, the End of the 14th – the Beginning of the 15th Centuries)." ISTORIYA. 8.6 (60) (2017). DOI: 10.18254/S0001913-3-1
APA	Tsaturova S. (2017). Legal Competence and Social Functions of Executors (based on Royal Officers’ Wills in France, the End of the 14th – the Beginning of the 15th Centuries). ISTORIYA. vol. 8, no. 6 (60) DOI: 10.18254/S0001913-3-1

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