All
After the Storm of 1812: Forming the Image of the Enemy in Historical Memory of the French
Table of contents
Annotation Estimate Publication content
References
Share
Metrics
After the Storm of 1812: Forming the Image of the Enemy in Historical Memory of the French
Annotation
PII
S207987840001363-8-2
Publication type
Article
Status
Published
Authors
Nikolay Promyslov 
Edition
Volume 6 Issue 11 (44)
Abstract
On the basis of a wide range of sources — memoirs, diaries and private letters, the author analyzes the process of Russia's image formation in the memory of participants of Napoleon's 1812 campaign. He comes to the conclusion that full reconciliation has not taken place. Despite the absence of any mass atrocities and probably “gallantry” of military campaigns at the early XIX century (compared to the total war of XX century), created during the years of the French Revolution and the reign of Napoleon negative image of Russia remained for a long time in the historical memory French. Deprivations in everyday life (food, night quarters and weather) experienceв by the French army in Russia have been moved to the country and its inhabitants. The traditional tendency of memoirists to shift responsibility for the horrors of the non-military losses with its own command to the enemy led to the folding of sustainable myth of the hostile nature of the country and Russians. Stereotypes of barbarism and brutality of Russian soldiers updated in periods when it was necessary. So Napoleon III on the eve of and during the Crimean War, used the negative stereotypes of Russia, kept in mind of population since the days of 1812 and the presence of Russian occupation corps in France to supportrevanchism and its foreign policy. Submissions Russian soldiers image of the Frenchman as an opponent has acquired a number of archetypical features inherent to any enemy invaded Russia during its history. Reconciliation between the elites of two countries was fast enough but at the level of mass consciousness have not been taken special efforts to overcome the negative.
Keywords
mutual representations, historical memory, Napoleon's Russian campaign, image of Russia, Napoleon Bonapart
Received
26.11.2015
Publication date
15.01.2016
Number of characters
73623
Number of purchasers
24
Views
9715
Readers community rating
0.0 (0 votes)
Cite Download pdf 100 RUB / 1.0 SU

To download PDF you should sign in

Full text is available to subscribers only
Subscribe right now
Only article
100 RUB / 1.0 SU
Whole issue
1500 RUB / 15.0 SU
All issues for 2015
2500 RUB / 50.0 SU

References



Additional sources and materials

    

  1. Boulart J. F. Mémoires millitaires. Paris, 1892.
    2. 

  2. Bourgogne A. J. B. Mémoires du sergent Bourgogne. 1812—1813. Paris, 1910.
    3. 

  3. Castellane, Boniface de. Journal du marechal de Castellane: 1804—1862. T. 1. 1804—1823. Paris, 1895.
    4. 

  4. Caulaincourt A. Mémoires du général de Caulaincourt, duc de Viceace, Grand écuyer de l'Empereur. T. 1. Paris, 1933.
    5. 

  5. Chuquet A. 1812 La guerre de Russie. Paris, 1912. T. 1—3.
    6. 

  6. Forrest A. Conscripts and Deserters: The Army and French Society During the Revolution and Empire. New York, 1989.
    7. 

  7. Goubina M. Les bulletins de l’armée napoléonienne (1805—1812) et le problème épistémologique de la constitution de l’image de la Russie // Colloque «Représentations de la Russie: dire et connaître», ENS LSH, Lyon. [Ehlektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.ens-lsh.fr/labo/CID/russe/lj-goubina.htm (data obrascheniya 27.09.2004).
    8. 

  8. Histoire militaire de la France. T. 2. de 1715 à 1871 / sous dir. de Jean Delmas. Paris, 1992.
    9. 

  9. Les cahiers du capitaine Coignet (1799—1815) / publ. par Lorédan Larchey. Paris, 1883.
    10. 

  10. Lettres interceptées par les Russes durant la campagne de 1812 / publ. par S. E. M. Goriainow. Paris. 1913.
    11. 

  11. Nora P. Les mémoires d’Etat: de Commynes à de Gaulle // Les lieux de mémoire, ed. Pierre Nora, 3 vols. Paris, 1984—1986. Vol. 2. P. 356—359.
    12. 

  12. Petiteau N. Guerriers du Premier Empire. Experience et memoires. P., 2011.
    13. 

  13. Ségur Ph. P. Histoire de Napoléon et de la Grande Armée pendant l’année 1812. Paris, 1824
    14. 

  14. Vasil'ev A. A. «Ura», spasshee Napoleona. Skhvatka kazakov s konvoem i svitoj frantsuzskogo imperatora pod Gorodnej 13 (25) oktyabrya 1812 g. // Napoleon. Legenda i real'nost'. Materialy nauchnykh konferentsij i napoleonovskikh chtenij. 1996—1998. M., 2003.
    15. 

  15. Zemtsov V. N. Armiya Napoleona 8 sentyabrya 1812 goda (k voprosu o rezul'tatakh i posledstviyakh Borodinskogo srazheniya) // Voinskij podvig zaschitnikov Otechestva: traditsii, preemstvennost', novatsii. Ch. 2. Vologda, 2000.
    16. 

  16. Zemtsov V. N. Bitva pri Moskve-reke: armiya Napoleona v Borodinskom srazhenii. M., 2001.
    17. 

  17. Ielin Kh. F. fon. Zapiski ofitsera armii Napoleona // Roos G. U. S Napoleonom v Rossiyu: zapiski vracha Velikoj armii. M., 2003.
    18. 

  18. Kolenkur A. Memuary. Tallinn, Moskva, 1994.
    19. 

  19. Otechestvennaya vojna 1812 goda. Ehntsiklopediya. M., 2004.
    20. 

  20. Promyslov N. V. Frantsuzskaya propaganda o Rossii nakanune i vo vremya vojny 1812 goda // Ehlektronnyj nauchno-obrazovatel'nyj zhurnal «Istoriya», 2013. T.4. Vypusk 1(17) [Ehlektronnyj resurs]. Dostup dlya zaregistrirovannykh pol'zovatelej. URL: http://history.jes.su/s207987840000003-2-5 (data obrascheniya: 24.02.2016).
    21. 

  21. Promyslov N. V., Prusskaya E. A., Mitrofanov A. A. «Russkaya ugroza» vo frantsuzskoj presse kontsa XVIII — nachala XIX vv. // Frantsuzskij ezhegodnik 2015: K 225-letiyu Frantsuzskoj revolyutsii. M. 2015.
    22. 

  22. Stendal'. Sobranie sochinenij v 15 tomakh. Tom 15. Pis'ma. M.: «Pravda», 1959.
    23. 

  23. Chudinov A. V. Razmyshleniya anglichan o Frantsuzskoj revolyutsii: Eh. Byork, Dzh. Makintosh, U. Godvin. M., 1996.
    24. 

  24. Chudinov A. V. S kem voeval russkij muzhik v 1812 godu? Obraz vraga v massovom soznanii // Frantsuzskij ezhegodnik 2012: 200 let Otechestvennoj vojny 1812 goda. M., 2012.
    25.