Abstract
The article analyses the formation of the socialist ideas of A.I. Herzen. The main attention is paid to the generation of the concept of a peaceful, non-revolutionary socialism. The essential par of the theory was concentrated on particular socio-economic features of Russia: peasant commune (obshchina) with communal ownership of land (open field system) and reformative potential of Russian intelligentsia.
Keywords
individual, society, progress, liberalism, democracy, socialism, Russia, western Europe, people, revolution, reform
